Week Three

Week 3 was a public holiday so these are just some notes on cameras from the previous lecture that we would have discussed in week .

Aperture
-names given to the opening lens that controls the amount of light that enters the camera.
- the size is measured in f stops.

Fstops
- are fractions of whole numbers
- therefore the larger the number eg f22 = 1/22nd, the smaller the amount of light let in : f 2.8 would let a lot of light in.
- fstops are halved and doubled in size as the get larger/ smaller
- 1.8, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22

Shutter Speed
- amount of light let through the shutter based on how long its left open for
- exposes image/sensor
-measured in fractions of a second
- B (as long as you hold the shutter down), 1. 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/5, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000, all the way up to 1/8000th
- shutter speed affects the way objects are viewed
-long shutter speeds are used for movement eg water fall, creates a blur that shows movement
- short shutter speeds freeze the image and show no move ment eg sports


ISO/ASA and Film
- International/ American Standard Association
- sensitivity to light rating for film/ sensor
- lower iso = more light necessary to expose the film
- higher iso = less light necessary to expose the film
- iso - known as the film speed
- higher the film speed ( films that need less light) the more grainy the images are
- grain really only affects film, digital cameras can capture a picture with a high film speed and have little noise
- 25/50, extreme light, fine grain, studio,flash (slow speed film)
- 100/200, high light, fine grain, sunny outside
- 400/800, mod light, overcast cloudy, mod grain, (mod film speed)
- 1600, 3200, 6400,  low light/ no light, very grainy, sport (needs high shutter speed therefore, frozen image), inside, night.
- Film with CN means that it is a colour film and cant be used at UniSA's dark room and in their chemistry
- Film has to stay at one single ISO however digital cameras can change - varying light conditions
- match light conditions to film

Exposure
- total light that falls on a film/ sensor
- balance between, ISO, aperture, and shutter speed
- can have same exposure with different combinations eg, f2.8 at 50th = to f22 at 4th
- 6 stops between each change - change fstops then must change the shutter speed to create an accurate exposure

Depth of Field
- alters the visual effect of the image - focus
- distance between the closest object in focus and the farthest
- blur in background - short depth of field
- all in focus - long depth of field
- half in focus - mod depth of field
-Aperture controls depth of field - large aperture shorter depth of field - f2.8
- smaller aperture  larger depth of field - f22
- depth of field can be moved eg darts image

Lens and Focal Length
- 13-35mm, Wide Angle, Distorts eg (  )  bows image, Used for: Landscape, Ariel, Architecture
- 50-55mm, Normal, what the eye sees, Used for: General
- 90- 300mm, Telephoto, Distorts eg ) (  compresses, Used for: Portrait (70-135mm), sport,geographic, fashion

Camera Shake
- emphasized by longer focal length lenses
- hand holding dont let your shutter speed drop below your lens length
- tripod, shutter cable, brace against something

** when using flash use at 1/60th of a second or slower

Cameras
- Small Format 35mm, Medium Format 6x6, Large Format 8x10 in (tilts and shifts)
- Modes, P -  Auto, Program Mode, Tv/Sv - Shutter Priority, Av - Aperture Priority, M - Manual, PH- Fastest Shutter Speed.  Priority- you control.


Here are some of my photos I've taken with an SLR this week:

Week Two

This week was A LOT of talking, but in saying that i did learn a lot. Taking Intro to Photography at the same time I find helps, I can bounce things I learn in one subject off the other.

DIGITAL CAPTURE

Colour and Light
- light changes over time of day, and therefore we need to  be mindful of the effect it has on our images
- it changes the shades of colour and what might seem like correct colour balance might in face be incorrect
-lights give off different colours -  Tungsten (light globe)  is yellow,  Flash is normally a neutral daylight,  fluros  can vary from green to red * dependent.
- can use colour filters to adjust light differences
-Digitali's colour can be changed with  White Balance, telling the camera what colour the light is
- preset white balances eg. sunny, cloudy
-K value/ Kelvin Degrees is a measure of light colour

-When shooting raw, adjust the white balance after taking the picture, hold up a grey card in the same light conditions ( always 18% grey)
- can use this to represent accurate colour
- Areas of photography where  perfect colour is needed, product photography, fine art reproduction
- some images look great without perfect colour, moody images or late photography era.

File Types
- RAW  eg NEF, CR2, DNG
- equivalent of a negative, contains raw data such as time date, fstop aperture exposure, lens.
- needs to be converted to jpeg or tiff
- raw converter - Photoshop and Light room "Camera Raw" plugin
-TIFF
- big files, known as bitmap images
- lossless format data info for each pixel
- saved over and over and never loses quality
-used when maximum detail is needed.
- good to keep original image
-keeps lay info
JPEG
-lossy format, cant be saved over and over - pixels clam together ( compression) to save space
- data info discarded,  looks like blocks of pixels in colour groups
 (TIFF for printing and originals, JPEG, small web designs screen use)

Resolution
- amount of info that makes up and image
- based on image size and ppi (pixels per inch or dots per inch dpi)
-images can be the same size and still have diferent ppi
- for screen, all that matters is the pixel size ppi is irrelevant in web use
- for printing image size and resolution will determine how big and the quality of the printed image
- *My printer is Up to 9600 x 2400-optimized dpi (when printing from a computer on selected HP photo papers and 1200-input dpi) average printer will print at 100-180 ppi.

- get into a habit of work flow, saving work, backing work up, correctly naming files ect. - i like to think im pretty organised like that already :)

Storage
 - Cds and Dvds - on the way out, fragile
- USB - good, sturdy, up to 8 gig memory, small easily lost
- *Hard drive - heaps of storage,  cant be moved while on. I have a 2tb hardrive, that i back my work onto.
- cloud - Internet storage, costs money, unlimited storage, has equal pros and cons to me.

Week One

"Most of all it captures life, the bits we miss and we do miss alot. You have an opportunity every time you click the shutter to capture something" - Steve Wilson

Some words that I thought very inspirational from my teacher for Digital Photography.

Week One was just in Introduction to the course, going through the Course Information, Assessments and so on. We looked at Artists that are inspirations and these were some of my notes:

David Hill:

- commercial stuff done in colour

- personal stuff done in black and white

- while his commercial stuff has a grunge and heavy look to it his personal work is quite pale and soft

-although some are not necessarily collections his work tells a story and it quite narrative like.

Jill Greenberg:

- have seen her stuff before, heavily photoshoped

- controversy about her crying children images, child cruelty ect - however only took a lolly away from them

-works in collections eg. children and monkeys

Chase Jarvis:

- heavily saturated, dark

- made it big and is well renowned

-commercial photographer

- alot of his work is very artistic rather than standard photography that is mainstream and expected by the public
- breaks rules eg thirds and focus but he does it in a way that works and is visually interesting

Stills Gallery:
- Shows whats current in AUSTRALIAN photography
- mixed with film, digital and photoshop art

CCB - Centre Contemporary Photography:
- holds seminars and exhibitions
- based in Sydney
- photography gallery
- good for research
- student competitions

Worth 1000:
- Creative Competitions for people
- Effects - photoshop
- competitions to age people through photoshop
- set up by categories and themes

We were taken to the 770 Section of the library - the Photography section to look at books, Steve encouraged us too look at artist for half and hour each week.
* Not enough people look at other pictures and ask them selves what do I like about this picture - the more you do the better you will be*